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Indications
Viramune (nevirapine) is an antiviral medication used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It belongs to a class of drugs called non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is necessary for the replication of the virus.
Use and Dosage
Read the Medication Guide and, if available, the Patient Information Leaflet provided by your pharmacist before you start using nevirapine and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
Take this medication by mouth with or without food as directed by your doctor, usually once daily for the first 14 days when you start treatment, and then twice daily.
If liver problems or skin/allergic reactions occur while you are taking this medication once daily, get medical help right away and do not increase the dose to twice daily.
If you are using the liquid suspension form of this medication, shake the bottle gently before each dose. Carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose. If you are using a dosing cup, rinse the cup with water after taking the medication and drink all of the rinse water to make sure you take the full dose.
The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment. In children, the dosage is also based on body size.
Do not stay on the once-daily dosing schedule for more than 28 days. If you approach that period, your doctor should consider switching you to another medication. Consult your doctor for more details.
If you stop taking this medication for more than 7 days for reasons other than the serious reactions described in the Warning section, ask your doctor for directions on how to restart treatment. You may need to take this medication once daily again for the first 14 days to decrease the risk of serious side effects.
It is very important to continue taking this medication (and other HIV medications) exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not skip any doses. Do not increase your dose, take this drug more often than prescribed, or stop taking it (or other HIV medicines) even for a short time unless directed to do so by your doctor. Skipping or changing your dose without approval from your doctor may cause the amount of virus to increase, make the infection more difficult to treat (resistant), or worsen side effects.
For the best effect, take this medication at evenly spaced times. To help you remember, take this medication at the same time every day.
Side Effects
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: joint or muscle pain, fever, mouth sores, facial swelling, blistering skin rash, flu symptoms, swollen glands, feeling weak or tired, severe tingling or numbness, pain or burning when you urinate, swelling in your legs or feet, cough, chest pain, trouble breathing, or swelling in your lips, tongue, or throat.
Viramune can cause life-threatening effects on the liver, especially in women. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these liver symptoms while taking this medicine: nausea, loss of appetite, upper stomach pain, tiredness, fever, unexplained muscle pain or weakness, dark urine, clay-coloured stools, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Viramune may also cause severe or life-threatening skin reactions. Stop taking Viramune and get emergency medical help if you have: a fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, and a red or purple skin rash that spreads and causes blistering and peeling. This type of reaction is a medical emergency.
Viramune may increase your risk of certain infections or autoimmune disorders by changing the way your immune system works. Symptoms may occur weeks or months after you start treatment with this medicine. Tell your doctor if you have:
- Signs of a new infection–fever, night sweats, swollen glands, mouth sores, diarrhea, stomach pain, or weight loss
- Chest pain (especially when you breathe), dry cough, wheezing, or feeling short of breath
- Cold sores or sores on your genital or anal area
- Rapid heart rate, feeling anxious or irritable, weakness or prickly feeling, or problems with balance or eye movement
- Trouble speaking or swallowing, severe lower back pain, or loss of bladder or bowel control
- Swelling in your neck or throat (enlarged thyroid), menstrual changes, impotence, or loss of interest in sex
Common side effects of Viramune may include:
- Skin rash
- Changes in the shape or location of body fat (especially in your arms, legs, face, neck, breasts, and waist)
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur.
Cautions
- Before taking nevirapine, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.
- Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: liver problems (such as hepatitis B or C, cirrhosis), kidney dialysis, lactose, or galactose intolerance.
- This drug may rarely make you drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana (cannabis) can make you drowsier. Do not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you can do it safely. Limit alcoholic beverages. Talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana (cannabis).
- Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).
- During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when needed. Treatment can lower the risk of passing HIV infection to your baby, and nevirapine may be part of that treatment. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.
- Nevirapine passes into breast milk. Because breast milk can transmit HIV, do not breastfeed.
Forms and Strengths
Viramune is available in the following forms and strengths:
- Nevirapine Tablet:
- 200 mg
FAQ
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up for the missed dose.
If you have not taken Viramune for 7 days in a row, call your doctor before you start taking the medicine again. You may need to start with a lower dose.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention.
What should I avoid while taking Viramune?
Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of liver damage.
Taking this medication will not prevent you from passing HIV to other people. Do not have unprotected sex or share razors or toothbrushes. Talk with your doctor about safe ways to prevent HIV transmission during sex. Sharing drugs or medicine needles is never safe, even for a healthy person.
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Additional information
Brand Name: |
Viramune |
---|---|
Scientific Name: |
Nevirapine |
Other Names: |
Nevimune, Nevirapine |
Strength(s): |
200mg |
Quantities Available: |
60, 120 |
Formulation: |
Tablet |